Medical University of Bialystok. Syllabus.
  • Updated 03.12.2024 by Zakład Biofizyki

    Syllabus

    SYLLABUS

    2024/2025

     

    Name of a course/module

    Biophysics

    Faculty of

    Medicine with Division of Dentistry and  Division of  Medical  Education in English

    Name of a field of study

    THE  SCIENTIFIC FUNDAMENTALS OF  MEDICINE

    Level of education

    UNIFORM MASTER'S

    Form of study

    Stationary

    Language of instruction

    English

    Type of course

     

    obligatory  X                            facultative 

     

    Year of study/Semester

     

    I X   II    III   IV   V   VI

     

     

    1 X   2    3    4    5    6    7    8   9    10    11   12

     

    Number of didactic hours of classes with division for forms of teaching

    10 hours of  lectures, 25 hours of classes, 10 hours of seminars

    Assumptions and aims of the course

    To familiarize students with:
    - Biophysical fundamentals of the construction and operation of the basic cellular structures, some tissues and organs and the body as a whole.
    - Physical phenomena occurring in the human body
    - Mechanisms and  effects of physical factors on the human body
    - Physical fundamentals of modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods

     

     

    Symbol of education outcomes in accordance with the standards

    Description of directional effects of education

    Methods of verification of achieved learning outcomes

     

    Knowledge (according to the detailed education outcomes)

     

    B.W5.

    physical laws describing flow of a liquid and factors affecting vascular resistance of blood flow

    Continuous assessment by the teacher, credit/test, final exam

    B.W6.

    natural and artificial sources of ionizing radiation and its interaction with matter;

    B.W8.

    physical bases of non-invasive imaging techniques;

    B.W9.     

    physical bases of particular therapeutic techniques including ultrasounds and  irradiations;

    B.W24.  

    basics of nerve system conduction and stimulation, higher functions of nerve system, physiology of smooth and striated muscles, blood role;

    B.W25.  

    functions and mechanisms of all organs and systems of the human body including: cardiovascular system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, integumentary system; interdependence of organs and systems;

    B.W32.  

    basic methods of statistical analysis used in population and diagnostic researches;

    B.W34.  

    principles of conducting scientific, surveillance and experimental study as well as  in vitro research for the development of medicine.

     

    Skills (according to the detailed education outcomes)

     

    B.U1.      

    making use of physical laws in order to explain the impact of external factors such as temperature, acceleration, pressure, electromagnetic field and ionizing radiation on the organism and its elements;

    Continuous assessment by the teacher, credit/test, final exam

    B.U2.   

    evaluating harmful effects of ionizing radiation dose and complying with  the principles of radiological protection;

    B.U3.      

    calculating molar and percentage concentration of the compounds as well as concentration of substances in single- and multi-component isotonic solutions;

    B.U7.      

    describing changes in the organism functioning caused by homeostasis dysfunction, especially by finding organism response to physical exertion, exposure to high and low temperatures, loss of blood or water, sudden erect position, transition from sleep to waking; 

    B.U10.    

    using a simple measuring apparatus and  evaluating accuracy of measurements;

    B.U14.    

    planning and performing simple scientific research, interpreting the results and drawing conclusions.

     

    Social competence (according to the general education outcomes)

     

    K1

    He /She recognizes his/her own  diagnostic and therapeutic limitations,  educational needs, planning of educational activity

    Continuous assessment by the teacher

    K2

    He /She is able to work in a team of professionals, in a multicultural and multinational environment

    K3

    He /She implements the principles of professional camaraderie and cooperation with representatives of other professionals in the range of health care

    K4

    He /She observes doctor-patient privilege; and patient rights

     

     

    ECTS points

    2,5

    Student Workload

    Form of Activity

    Number of hours to complete the activity

    Activities that require the participation of (academic) teacher

    1. Realization of the course: lecture

    10

    1. Realization on of the course: seminar

    10

    1. Realization of the course: classes

    25

    1. exam

     

    1. electives

     

     

      total of hours             45

    Self-study:

    1. Preparation for classes

    30

    1. Preparation for credits  / tests

    15

    1. Preparation for the exam / final test

    15

     

      total of hours             60

      

     

     

    Course contents

    Topics

    Lectures

    1. Laws of thermodynamics

    a. I law of thermodynamics - equivalence of work and heat, internal

    energy

    b. II law of thermodynamics for open systems

    - stationary state, principle of minimum entropy

    - biological systems as open systems

    1. source of entropy and dissipation of energy

    d. coupled processes and their significance in biology

    2. Molecular interactions and their role in forming of biological structures

    - electrostatic forces

    - hydrogen bonds

    - Van der Waals forces

    - hydrophobic effects

    3. Structure of biological membranes and their properties:

    - major components of biological membranes

    - physical properties of proteins and lipids

    - model of Singer and Nicolson

    - properties of biological membranes resulting from physical properties of

    their components

    1. Membrane transport:

    - passive transport

    - active transport

    5. Bioelectric phenomena in membranes

    - basic features and classification of ionic channels

    - resting potential

    - action potential

    - mechanism of propagation of action potential in axon

    8. Physical bases of NMR imaging and NMR spectroscopy

    9. Effects of temperature and humidity on human organism

    a. mechanism of heat exchange between the organism and environment, (conduction, convection, infrared radiation, evaporation)

    b. thermoregulation

    10. Influence of non-ionizing radiation on human organism

    Classes

    1. Law of radioactive disintegration, natural and artificial radioisotopes,

    determination of activity of samples

    1. Effect of ionizing radiation on matter

    - absorption of corpuscular radiation

    - attenuation of radiation

    - use of radiation in medicine

    1. Methods of detection of radiation and statistics of measurements
    2. Biophysics of human voice: physical and physiological features of sound and

    their interrelations

    1. Physical bases of electrocardiography and description of characteristic

    elements of ECG

    1. Measurement of arterial pressure: factors inf1uencing the value of arterial

    pressure.

    1. Methods of measurements of concentration of solutions:

    - spectrometric method

    - polarimetric method

    - refractometric method

    10. Analysis of emission and absorption spectra

    11. Creation of images in optical systems

    12. Mechanism of image generation in human eye

    13. Polarization of light, rotation of polarization plane, optical isomerism

    14. Application of computer programs for registration and analysis of ECG, pulse

    rate, tension between points of skin, spectral analysis of sound, pH of

    solutions.

    15. Weakening of the laser beam passing through the solid matter

    Seminars

    Introduction to the mathematical methods used in Biophysics

    Form (lectures, classes etc.…)

     

     

     

     

    A list of recommended and optional books

    Biophysics

    The obligatory books:

    1. Martin Hollins Bath Advanced Science - Medical Physics (University of Bath Science)
    • Publisher: Nelson Thornes Ltd; 2nd edition (September 28, 2001)
    • Language: English
    • ISBN-10: 0174482531
    • ISBN-13: 978-0174482536
    1. Roland Glaser, "Biophysics", 2nd edition; Springer Verlag, 2012
    • ISBN-10: 3642252117
    • ISBN-13: 978-3642252112

    The optional books:

    1. Paul Davidovits, "Physics in Biology and Medicine",
    • 4th edition, Academic Press, 2012
    • ISBN-10: 0123865131
    • ISBN-13: 978-01238651372)
    1. Russell K. Hobbie and Bradley J. Roth - Intermediate Physics for Medicine and Biology,
    • 4th Edition
    • Publisher: Springer; 4th edition (March 12, 2007)
    • Language: English
    • ISBN-10: 038730942X

    ISBN-13: 978-0387309422

     

     

    Conditions for receiving credit

    Criteria and number of points assigned for exercises,

    the colloquium (test) and the exam

     

    General Rules & Regulations

    1. The course in Biophysics consists of laboratory classes (25 hours), seminars (10) and lectures (10 hours), ending and with an exam.

    2. Students’ attendance is mandatory. Each absence must be justified and any missed lab class must be redone at a time agreed with the course teacher.

    3. Lab classes are held at the Biophysics Department.

    4. Objectives of the first lab class:

    1. Introducing students to the rules and regulations of the course
    2. Safety procedures at the laboratory
    3. Dividing students into groups and assignment of tasks
    4. Course overview
    5. Recommended reading:

    Paul Davidovits – “Physics in Biology and Medicine”

    Roland Glaser – “Biophysics”

    Requirements for obtaining a credit in Biophysics

    1. Laboratory classes are divided into 3 thematic modules.

    2. Students’ achievements in the practical part are evaluated assessed on the basis of theoretical background and practical performance, as follows:

    Experiments conducted by students individually or in groups; students’ analysis of the results and the presentation;

    Report according to a formula given in the handbook - available from the website of the Department of Biophysics).

    3. Each student can receive 2 bonus points for outstanding performance at particular lab meetings.

    4. At the end of each semester, following the course of lab practice, students are required to pass a test in the subject areas covered by the lab classes

    and lectures, where the maximum score is 40 points, of which 30 are for practice topics and 10 for lecture subjects.

    5. The student’s final grade for lab classes is the sum of lab credits, bonus points, and test points. The available maximum is:

    18(3x6)+40=58

    6. Students who completed all the lab classes and received minimum 24 points are allowed to take the final exam.

    7. One retake opportunity is given to students with less than 24 test points. If the retake result is still below 24 points, no credit is awarded

    for Biophysics and the student does not qualify to take the final exam.

    8. Students who received a total of at least 42 points are exempt from the Exam and receive a ‘very good’ grade (5)

    The Exam

     

    1. The Exam takes a form of different test item formats (the mixture of the multiple-choice, essay or calculation questions)

    2. Each written exam test can be seen by students only at the time agreed by Head of Department of Biophysics and students’ representative.

    3. Students receive the following grads depending on the number of points achieved in the exam:

     

    % of points from the exam

    Grading

    0-59

    2

    60 - 68

    3

    69 - 76

    3+

    77 - 84

    4

    85 -90

    4+

    91 - 100

    5

     

    4. In all other matters the decision rests with the Head of the Department of Biophysics.

     

     

     

    Date of issue:

    2024

    Course coordinator or the head of the department where the course is held

    Dr Agnieszka Raciborska

     

     

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